Inflammatory Breast Cancer the hidden threat in oncology: A Narrative review

Abstract

The understanding of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) has advanced significantly since Dr. Haagensen established the initial diagnostic criteria in 1956 in the United States. Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare and high destructive subtype of breast cancer, representing 1% to 6% of all breast cancer identifies, marked with rapid progression and an important tendency for metastasis, the manifesting with inflammatory symptoms in the breast that can lead to misdiagnosis as situations like mastitis. In clinically, diagnosis is based on physical signs like edema, erythema and along with histopathological evidence like dermal lymph vascular tumor emboli, and aggressive nature of IBC is evident in its poor prognosis, with survival rate five-year considerably lower than that of other breast cancer types, due to late-stage diagnosis when patients presents in advanced disease, recent progresses in the considerate of IBC have underscored the implication of its molecular characteristics in shaping treatment approaches, the embattled therapies, for HER2-positive cases, have demonstrated potential in enhancing patient outcomes when used in conjunction with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. But, the absence of standardized treatment procedures when tailored for IBC poses an important challenge, awareness of IBC increases, collaborative efforts across discipline are very important to improve early detection, and refine treatment strategies, ultimately to boost survival rates for those who are affected.